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Focal & focus
Framing, field of view, depth of field, hyperfocal.
What it does
For a sensor, a focal length, an aperture and a focus distance: the frame you get (in meters), the field of view, what is sharp (depth of field) and the hyperfocal distance.
- Start from the focal length: you know your lens, see the frame. Start from the framing: pick a shot (close-up, medium shot…) and get the focal length for that distance. Shot sizes are indicative frame heights (0.35 m for a close-up to 2 m for a full shot).
- Depth of field: what is acceptably sharp in front of and behind the subject. It grows when you close the aperture, step back or use a shorter focal length.
- Hyperfocal: focus there and everything is sharp from half that distance to infinity: handy for landscapes.
The usual formulas, with a circle of confusion of diagonal ÷ 1,500 (0.029 mm on full frame, like the printed tables). Sharpness also depends on the lens and on how big the image is viewed: take these as a guide.
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